Love in The Taming of the Shrew Essay -- Taming of the Shrew Essays

Love in The Taming of the ShrewWonder, for a moment, what Shakespeare means when he uses the word love, if it really does exist in every of the relationships in this play, particularly between Petruccio and Katherine. Is love not a certainty? Such winds scatters young men through the world To seek their fortunes farther than at home, Where small experience grows. But in in a few, Signor Hortensio, thus it stands with me Antonio, my father, is deceased, And I have thrust myself into this maze Happily to wive and thriveas stovepipe I may. Crowns in my purse I have, and goods at home, And so I am come abroad to see the world. (1.2.47-55)Upon the death of his father who cared for him, he is in search of a wife so that he can live a desired lifestyl e upon her fortunes. He is not desirous of love, or lust, or infatuation, b...

The main paper -- Essays Papers

The main paperIn response to the tragic events of September 11, 2001, there has been renewed interest in the creation of a national acknowledgment strategy, typically embodied in a smart ID notice, as a share of a national counter-terrorism strategy. National ID cards subscribe to been advocated as a means to enhance national security, unmask potential terrorists, and guard against illegal immigrants. The core issue can be expressed as a headland What actions should the federal government take to certify the identity of its citizens and other persons in its jurisdiction, and what role should computing technology play in that process? To deal with questions kindred this, lawmakers, leaders, and government agencies often begin the policymaking process by seeking the advice of expert panels(CSC4735 Forum). In overall, there are many opinions that people agree with the national ID card also many of them disagree with it too. In my opinion the national ID card system would not prot ect us from terrorism, but it would create a system of internal passports that would significantly diminish the freedom and privacy of law-abiding citizens.Larry Ellison, head of Oracle Corporation, the California based software company, has called for the development a national appointment system and offered to donate the technology to make this possible. He proposed ID cards with embedded digitized thumbprints and photographs of all legal residents in the United States (Black). In recent ideas, ID cards have been linked to national registration systems, which in turn form the basis of government administration. In such systems the ID card becomes merely one visible component of a much larger system, with the advent of magnetic stripes and microprocess... ...debates over health are reform, the Clinton Administration also constantly stressed that it was opposed a national identifier. In 1999 Congress repealed a controversial provision in the Legal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996, which gave authorization to include cordial Security Numbers on drivers licenses. For conclusion, there are some reasons that discussed in this paper. I think the national ID card system would not protect us from terrorism, but it would create a system of internal passports that would significantly diminish the freedom and privacy of law-abiding citizens.So now imagine this.A practice of law officer stops you in your car. Scan your license, matches your fingerprint with a central database and has immediate access to a plethora of information, including whether you are on a terrorist continue list. What would you think?

tragoed Comparing Tragedy in Hamlet and Oedipus the King (Oedipus Rex) :: comparison compare contrast essays

Tragedy in crossroads and Oedipus the King Tragedy comes in many forms, for example earthquakes, tornadoes and hurricanes are all types of tragedies. On the other hand, when talking about tragedy in literature, it has a whole different meaning. Tragedy in literature is on a smaller scale than things like earthquakes, tornadoes and hurricanes. In literature tragedy is usually about i person and the horrible things that emit to them during their life in a story or play. Oedipus is the main character in the play Oedipus the King. Oedipus is thought of as a tragic figure because he was doomed from birth. Tiresias, an old blind prophet, told Oedipus parents about Oedipus fate. He told them that Oedipus would kill his father and sleep with his mother. So, his parents decided to have him killed, only it did not happen that look. He was passed move out by two shepherds and finally to the King and Queen of Corinth, Polybus and Merope to raise him as their own. Oedipus finds his way back t o Thebes and on the way kills his father, but Oedipus did not know that one of the men he killed was his real father. This is the beginning of the prophecy coming true. In short Oedipus obtains the throne, Marries his mother and has kids with her. Oedipus fate has come together without him even realizing what is going on. finally he is told what has happened and asks to be banished by his uncle/brother-in-law Creon. The tragedy in Oedipus life began with his birth and the realization by his parents that his whole life was doomed. However on the other hand, Hamlet did not know that his life would be a tragic one. Hamlets fate played out through his whole life. No one knew that hamlets life would mop up up the way that it did. Hamlets life first changed when his Uncle Claudius killed Hamlets father, the King and Claudius brother. Claudius just wanted to get to the Queen Gertrude. So he committed the worst sin and killed the King. Claudius weaseled his way into Hamlet Jr. spot on th e throne as King. There are many reasons why both of these characters are classified as tragic figures. start-off off Oedipus fate was determined from birth, and no one knew Hamlets fate. Oedipuss parents sent him off to be killed, and Hamlets father was killed by his brother Claudius.

A Rational Look at the Abortion Controversy Essay -- Exploratory Essay

A Rational Look at the Abortion line of occasioning maven of the most hotly contested breaks inside and outside of biomedical ethics today is abortion. The discussion received a new impetus at the spill of the controversial abortion drug RU-486, a pill to increase access to abortions and let women get them privately from their own doctor instead of facing yelling protesters at clinics.2 As is the case with all controversial issues, there are very passionate people on both sides of the fence. Unfortunately, a heat up discussion on abortion buns easily and quickly turn into a battle of rhetoric rather than a dialectic of reason. except the steer light in such a discussion must always be reason, not rhetoric or other fallacies, for only reason can solve this issue and judge which side is correct. In this brief essay, I shall attempt to clear away some of the confusion present in exemplary abortion debates by cooling the rhetoric with reason enlightened by scientific facts. Sp ecifically, I will examine two common pro-abortion literary arguments make by Mary Anne Warren and Judith Jarvis Thomson and demonstrate that they cannot stand up to rational scrutiny and therefore fail to justify abortion. I shall also use a quadrilemma argument similar to that of Peter Kreefts to show that, aside from all specific argumentation, abortion cannot be morally justified. Before even beginning to discuss the issue of abortion, it is imperious to agree upon a starting point from which to reason. The fact that some people differ even about this very point tends to render the pro-abortion and the anti-abortion paradigms evenhandedly incommensurable, and this is belike one major reason why people are tempted to arrive at different conclusions about this ... ...ilure is equal to an unwanted pregnancy payable to itch is nothing short of ridiculous. The sexual act by nature tends towards pregnancy, i.e., that is the natural purpose of the sexual act, and any woman who e ngages in this act voluntarily, with or without contraception, thereby willingly opens herself to pregnancy.20 Wilcox, Nature as Demonic, 468.21 Wilcox, Nature as Demonic, 468f.22 M. LeRoy Sprang and Mark G. Neerhof, Rationale for Banning Abortions Late in Pregnancy, diary of the American Medical Association 280, no. 8 (1998) 745.23 Sprang and Neerhof, Banning Abortions, 745.24 Cf. Peter Kreeft, Making Choices Practical Wisdom for Everyday honourable Decisions (Ann Arbor, MI Servant Publications, 1990), 119-21.25 One might object that abortion is morally neutral is another possibility, but that which is morally neutral is morally permissible. A Rational Look at the Abortion Controversy Essay -- Exploratory EssayA Rational Look at the Abortion ControversyOne of the most hotly contested issues inside and outside of biomedical ethics today is abortion. The discussion received a new impetus at the release of the controversial abortion drug RU-486, a pill to increase ac cess to abortions and let women get them privately from their own doctor instead of facing shouting protesters at clinics.2 As is the case with all controversial issues, there are very passionate people on both sides of the fence. Unfortunately, a heated discussion on abortion can easily and quickly turn into a battle of rhetoric rather than a dialectic of reason. But the guiding light in such a discussion must always be reason, not rhetoric or other fallacies, for only reason can solve this issue and judge which side is correct. In this brief essay, I shall attempt to clear away some of the confusion present in typical abortion debates by cooling the rhetoric with reason enlightened by scientific facts. Specifically, I will examine two common pro-abortion arguments made by Mary Anne Warren and Judith Jarvis Thomson and demonstrate that they cannot stand up to rational scrutiny and therefore fail to justify abortion. I shall also use a quadrilemma argument similar to that of Peter K reefts to show that, aside from all specific argumentation, abortion cannot be morally justified. Before even beginning to discuss the issue of abortion, it is imperative to agree upon a starting point from which to reason. The fact that some people differ even about this very point tends to render the pro-abortion and the anti-abortion paradigms somewhat incommensurable, and this is probably one major reason why people are tempted to arrive at different conclusions about this ... ...ilure is equal to an unwanted pregnancy due to rape is nothing short of ridiculous. The sexual act by nature tends towards pregnancy, i.e., that is the natural purpose of the sexual act, and any woman who engages in this act voluntarily, with or without contraception, thereby willingly opens herself to pregnancy.20 Wilcox, Nature as Demonic, 468.21 Wilcox, Nature as Demonic, 468f.22 M. LeRoy Sprang and Mark G. Neerhof, Rationale for Banning Abortions Late in Pregnancy, Journal of the American Medical A ssociation 280, no. 8 (1998) 745.23 Sprang and Neerhof, Banning Abortions, 745.24 Cf. Peter Kreeft, Making Choices Practical Wisdom for Everyday Moral Decisions (Ann Arbor, MI Servant Publications, 1990), 119-21.25 One might object that abortion is morally neutral is another possibility, but that which is morally neutral is morally permissible.

Born in Yorkshire in 1934, Alan Bennett. :: English Literature

Born in Yorkshire in 1934, Alan Bennett.Born in Yorkshire in 1934, Alan Bennett has been writing, performingand directing since his first histrionics encounters as a student atOxford in the early 1960s.He first gained success at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe and later, incollaboration with Dudley Moore, shaft Cooke and Jonathan Miller,enjoyed considerable acclaim with the original Beyond the Fringe.(www.museum.tv. Accessed 26/01/03)Alan Bennett is the archetypal Northerner, his bespeckled, dourappearance make him an unlikely celebrity and he would not look pop ofplace as a slightly muddled professor or, as Bennett himself observes,a vicar. He says on the subject of appearances people often end updoing what the reverberate tells them they are suited for, while feelingthemselves quite different inside. And in the process whole lives arethrown away (Observer.co.uk. Accessed 21/01/03)Bennett writes about ordinary people, elusive in mundane activities,but with his unique style he can liven up the dullest tale and addinterest to lifes lonely outcasts.Although the stories in public lecture Heads are fiction, it is easy to seethat few are influenced from events in Bennetts early life. Hismother suffered from depression and he uses his experience of mentalillness as a core for some of his characters. As he says, the peoplehe writes about are part of a story to the meaning of which they arenot entirely privy (Observer.co.uk. Accessed 21/01/03)A reflection of Bennetts own sexuality can be seen in the characterof Graham in A Chip in the Sugar, who is portrayed as an uncomfortablehomosexual. Bennett described his sexuality during an interview in theNew Yorker in 1993 thus Id always been in love with guys but alwaysunhappily (Observer.co.uk. Accessed 21/01/03)Although not included in the collections of Talking Heads, the conceptactually started with A Woman of No Importance, which was firsttelevised in 1982. It began the trend that Bennett carried on in bothTalking He ads 1 and 2. Both of these compilations contain works withsimilar themes running through them, loneliness, unhappiness,alienation from a changed society, and vague mental illness. Theironic wit Bennett uses to convey the almost sad stories arecentral to how the characters accept the way their lives have turnedout (www.museum.tv. Accessed 21/01/03)The theme of loneliness and alienation from a changed society runslike a thread through all six of the first Talking Heads stories. Eachof the characters portray a struggle to fit in with everyday life,some are alone and lonely, and some in a relationship of some kind,yet still lonely. The gentle humour used in each of the tales makes

Born in Yorkshire in 1934, Alan Bennett. :: English Literature

Born in Yorkshire in 1934, Alan Bennett.Born in Yorkshire in 1934, Alan Bennett has been writing, performingand direct since his first theatrical encounters as a student atOxford in the early 1960s.He first gained success at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe and later, incollaboration with Dudley Moore, Peter Cooke and Jonathan Miller,enjoyed considerable acclaim with the original Beyond the Fringe.(www.museum.tv. Accessed 26/01/03)Alan Bennett is the archetypal Northerner, his bespeckled, dourappearance make him an unlikely celebrity and he would not look out ofplace as a slightly muddled professor or, as Bennett himself observes,a vicar. He says on the subject of appearances people often check updoing what the mirror tells them they atomic number 18 suited for, while feelingthemselves quite different inside. And in the process whole lives arethrown away (Observer.co.uk. Accessed 21/01/03)Bennett writes well-nigh ordinary people, involved in mundane activities,but with his unique sty le he can liven up the dullest tale and addinterest to lifes nonsocial outcasts.Although the stories in Talking Heads are fiction, it is easy to seethat some are influenced from events in Bennetts early life. Hismother suffered from depression and he uses his experience of mental malady as a core for some of his characters. As he says, the peoplehe writes about are part of a story to the meaning of which they arenot entirely privy (Observer.co.uk. Accessed 21/01/03)A reflection of Bennetts own sexuality can be seen in the characterof Graham in A Chip in the Sugar, who is portrayed as an uncomfortablehomosexual. Bennett described his sexuality during an interview in theNew Yorker in 1993 thus Id unceasingly been in love with guys but alwaysunhappily (Observer.co.uk. Accessed 21/01/03)Although not included in the collections of Talking Heads, the conceptactually started with A Woman of No Importance, which was firsttelevised in 1982. It began the trend that Bennett carried on in tw ainTalking Heads 1 and 2. Both of these compilations contain works withsimilar themes running through them, loneliness, unhappiness,alienation from a changed society, and vague mental illness. Theironic wit Bennett uses to go the almost tragic stories arecentral to how the characters accept the way their lives have turnedout (www.museum.tv. Accessed 21/01/03)The theme of loneliness and alienation from a changed society runslike a thread through all six of the first Talking Heads stories. Eachof the characters portray a struggle to fit in with everyday life,some are alone and lonely, and some in a relationship of some kind,yet still lonely. The gentle humour used in each of the tales makes

Immigrant Families in the US

1) Immigrant families in the United States Immigrants feel that their contributions, beliefs, values, etc. are not as efficacious as the Unites States, thus becoming stressful. Therefore, in addition to the typical normative (e.g., family transitions) and nonnormitive (e.g., family natural disasters) stressors that families encounter, immigrant families experience unique stress and change relates to migration and acculturation (Bush et al., 2010, p.287).Immigrants feel that they arouse to change their ways and it not only becomes stressful to the family members but also to the whole family system. The best way that immigrants have adapted is with integration. By combining their senile ways with the novel ways of the United States culture, they find comfort. Another common stressor is language barriers. The in efficiency to read signs, posted warnings, food labels, job applications, and materials related to childrens schooling is a frustration experience for many immigrants and c an lead to increased pressure to learn side (Bush et al., 2010, p.289).For adults who dont have English classes to attend or the transportation to get to one, dont get the social support they need in the United States. A lot of women, curiously in Asian cultures, are not prepared for social skills outback(a) of the family. On the up side stressors from the family system can be very overconfident and increase adaption. Religion, spirituality, ethnic communities, and enclaves, shared cultural values, and informal and formal social support can serve as resources that aid immigrant families in adaption (Bush at el., 2010, p.305).2) The ability to meet debt obligations, credit card use, and frequency of late payments made by credit users are all important factors in assessing subjective economic stress. pecuniary satisfaction appears to be directly related to credit practices and attitudes (Bartholomae et al., 2010, p.193). Couples balance their financial differences by coping to dea l with these matters. Social support and financial resources help to do so. Couples are also better equipped to deal with economic stress when they have a high self esteem and control over their finances. besides some family members lose their job, get divorces, sick, or in debt so bad that bankruptcy takes place. This becomes severe economic stress.3) I agree 100% that same finish marriages should be able to have legally bound assets, especially if they have children together. Widespread legal recognition of LGB-parent families will help foster acceptance of these families, command the protection of these via the provision of standard rights and benefits and promote the stability and security of LGB-parent families and their children, thereby contributing to their health and well being (Goldberg, 2010, p.279).Not granting legal recognition also questions a couples ability to commit and their stability.4) When immigrants live in an ethnic enclave they find it easier to cope with their surroundings and face less prejudice and discrimination. Women also find it easier to work because just about can bring their child to work because most can bring their child to work with them. Although there are a lot of benefits within enclaves I dont necessarily believe it will completely help a family with their problems. What if their child/children leave the enclave someday? Will they be prepared for the outside world? And what if the enclave was destroyed? I feel that they would have an easier time in the long run if they gradually introduced themselves to the outside world. When children become interpreters for serious matters such as applying for social service benefits, it is stressful for them.In such a situation, children are likely to feel the stress of adult responsibilities, whereas their parents may feel the stress of role reversal that comes from relying on children for their survival and well being (Bush et al., 2010, p.290).When children take on these tasks they are not allowed to mature normally and they can become more myrmecophilous than their parents. Children can also misinterpret language. For example, saying she fell off a latter when really meaning she fell down the stairs. Immigrant families adjust to their new home better when living in familiar surroundings. The communities can also give social support by making it easy to meet friends with identical experiences and backgrounds.

Music At Highlander Essay

Music is a powerful tool of expression. Whether produced or listened to, it poop reveal deep aspects of ones personality. variants can hold unique personal meanings through memory or message. During times of desperation, medicinal drugs constant rhythm can abide a fortress of comfort and steadiness. Music is depended upon for security, cargon, inspiration, and as a safe haven to be able to express freely. The Highlander Folk tame is depended upon for the same reasons. These two schools of thought not precisely share similar relationships with plurality, but they are practiced together frequently. Song, practice of medicine and intellectual nourishment are integral parts of education at Highlander.Music is one way for people to express their traditions, longings, and determination (158). Myles Horton seemed certainly aware of the importance music had at Highlander, but never expressed it further than this quote from near the end of his autobiography, The Long Haul. How big of a role did music play in the Highlander education? Producing a safer environment, a more enriched education, and the ability to unleash potential, music was essential in the Highlander education.Music is nonjudgmental. There is no mighty or wrong, it just is what it is. People take away from music whatever they want. Myles Horton set up Highlander to work in the same way. He offered a community that practiced social equality, no discrimination or lack of freedom of speech. He offered workshops on what the people wanted to work on, and then left wing it to them to take away and use what they want. This was the organic social structure of education Horton preached. He also focused on the surroundings needed to support this education. The job of the module members is to create a relaxed atmosphere in which the participants feel free to share their experiences (150).Without an environment where people felt safe and comfortable in, this system would stay only a theory. Music kept th is structure stable. Group songs created a platform for different cultures to bond and understand each other. It created comfort, security, and an environment full of love. Myles describes Highlander as, A long tapestry with a weft made up of many colorsAll of them are of a piece and blend in, and all are based on a love for humanity and trust in the ability of people to control their own lives enventually (134).Myles Horton believed in experiential-based education. He endorsed school-age child to student discussions. The learning happens between sharing stories and experiences from each other. He tried mixing as many cultures, ideas, and perspectives together to provide an enriched collection of experiences. Another enrichment was the use of music and storytellingIn fact, the history of Highlander could in many important ways be told by the music traditional songs and songs of struggle that was brought there by the people (133). Music at Highlander connected to people through me ssages, memories and traditions which provided students with enriched experiences to grow from.Some songs brought hidden honors to light, others divine groups to come together. Church hymns were satisfactory and used as coupler songs (158). Every song brought with it some sense of tradition or culture to learn from. Before Highlander was established, Horton went to Denmark to get inspired by their folk high schools. He recalls an old director telling him that, Through songs and poetry, students could grasp truths that might otherwise escape them, and that singing in concord was an effective way of inspiring people and bringing them closer together (52). Music was a integral part of the Highlander education because it created student union and providing more enriched experiences to learn from.Music nurtures self-esteem and encourages creativity, self-confidence, and curiosity. Horton tries to nurture and encourage the same from students at Highlander. Myles viewed himself as a g ardener and his job to provide opportunities for people to grow, to provide a modality which nurtures islands of decency, where people can learn in much(prenominal) a way that they continue to grow (133). Music inspection and repaired provide this caring climate by installing tradition and comfort. Singing in unison provided an opportunity for students to grow by encouraging self-confidence and self-esteem.Group singing also help solidify a Highlander fundamental belief trust people and believe in their ability to think for themselves. Empower people collectively, not individually. Bernice Robinson and Myles Horton well-read early on in the first Citizenship School classes that, You couldnt just read and write yourself into freedom. You had to fight for that and you had to do it as part of a group, not as an individual (104). Music lets students demonstrate the beauty and power of collective unison without actually leaving Highlander and protesting. This experience was invaluabl e in naturing and ripening students.Myles Horton reveals near the end of his book, Other than encouraging others, I made no significant contributions to music at the school, unless you count the verse I added to We Shall Overcome The truth shall make us free (158). This statement shows his compassion for justice and his awareness of the importance of music at Highlander. Hortons wife, Zilphia, is described by him as, The moving life sentence in shaping the singing and music program at Highlander (158). Many pictures in the book display Zilphia leading strikers in song or Folk concerts at Highlander by Pete Seeger & Friends (156,157,159). Horton seemed to be surrounded by music through out his life and the education structure at Highlander is influenced by this. Music played a vital role at Highlander by providing an enriched environment nurturing students to learn in such a way that they continue to grow.

Current Events in Business Research Essay

I had a hard time trying to token out a function that I do at work or one that I would Id like to in the future tense so I picked from Chapter 3 of our reading, The Bringing inquiry to Life of the subscriber line Research Methods section which illustrates a scenario. Myra Wines is a woman that was hired by the U.S. legions to investigate and research with her team whether or not the testing bea where the army uses its munitions testing was a direct connection or cause to the civil death rate increasing since the range opened. There are a few issues here that Myra and her team will need to research and investigate. There are local activists voicing their concern, calling to shut down the range due to being environmentally hazardous. Another issue was these duds or bombs that didnt instigate when it hit the ground going off randomly, as the Army believed that its dead shells would only explode if another bomb was dropped on it to cause it to ignite. According to the Army, civi l deaths could not be attributed to their munitions testing area due to their testing of dropping the duds to torching them to try and ignite them. Wines and team hypothesized that the dead shells could potentially explode and allow for no trace of the event taking place.Wines and team, met with Army representatives to go over the reports regarding dead shells or duds. By reviewing these materials they would be able define the steering question which in turn would help by coming to a conclusion for the research question. The research team had to look at all the forcefulness that came in contact of shells, results that the explosions were leaving, and the frequency of dead shells Army states one out of twenty) to be able to come up with better research questions. The teams observation showed them that civilians were actually opening up the bombs to salvage anything that had value. Unfortunately the bombs exploded and vaporizing the scavengers. Wines research team reviewed the data they collected, concluding that the civilians were thrill seekers and the scavenging fit into their thrills. Wines and team discussed theirconclusions to the Army, in which the Army to develop and implement policies to lessen avoidable civilian deaths. The teams conclusions after reviewing the data, determined that the Armys best management closing was to set off every dud shell at the end of each testing day and put kerosene on them so bombers put forward see at night and drop bombs to destroy the duds.Because of Wines and the teams research, the Army implemented new procedures and the civilian death rate dropped. Research is a very chief(prenominal) aspect to any company that is seeking to gain success or enamor the up hand on competitors. distinct for methods that will add value to companies is also considered the business research process. When researching, one must consider what is in the best interest of the company, its employees, the sponsor, and the community. Busines s research is important when determining what types of services companies are considering and required to analyze business situations. It is important to research the full potential of the service and what will the company gain from it. Business research is used to perform analysis of the industry, its products and to identify customer groups.It also is an important besidesl for management to make better business decisions. If the risk is too high, and there is not much that progress that the company will gain from providing the services, then it might be best to hold off a enchantment longer. One of the keys to research is to take surveys, talk to all parties involved, and provide reasons for and/or against the objective of the research before it can even be considered. At my employer, we do employee surveys once a year. This is a way for the company to do research on the employees likes, dislikes, and complaints. By doing surveys, companies can get employees to open up and get a nswers to critical questions confidentially.ReferencesCooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business research methods (12th ed.). Boston, MA/USA McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Benefits of Animal Assisted Therapy

Angelica Carlos English 4 19 March 2012 Benefits of Animal Assisted Therapy Throughout human history, tools throw away occupied a central position in theories concerning the ontology and treatment of sickness and disease (Serpell 16). Animals have played a major role in the lives of piece in ways that have affected our entire being and survival. Countless amounts of race, animals, and time have been put into bringing AAT all over the world as a result, five other(a) countries have adopted this construct of therapy.The volunteers and workers of Animal Assisted Therapy have pushed to bring an exciting new therapy to children and adults all around. Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is a acquainted(predicate) method of treatment and rehabilitation in many diseases and conditions, where the animal becomes an important behavioral facilitator, causing improvements in the behavior and health of the patient. Numerous authors and medical professionals slur to its importance and in particu lar that the positive feed covert in the midst of the patient, the animal, and the therapist reduces many symptoms, and improves the quality of life (Yeh 2005).The history of Animal Assisted Therapy lowlife be traced stand to the 9th Century. It is a goal-oriented intervention in which an animal that meets the criteria becomes an integral part of the treatment process for patients. The benefits of Animal Assisted Therapy far outweigh the risks, and should be used and accepted as an effective form of therapy. AAT in a natural environment brings about the encounter between a patient and an animal, which elevates the motivation and strength of the individual. The therapist-animal-patient terce establishes such mechanisms which increase the level of communication. It enhances motivation, the driving force that heals (Journal of Psychology 44). The patient learns to experience himself/herself in relation to others, and to better perceive truth and reality. Pressure from give lesson s can exacerbate medical and psychological pathologies in kids. The use of Animal Assisted Therapy and Animal Assisted Activities maybe a useful tool which could be offered in school counseling (Chandler 2000). If AAT is offered in schools, it could bring in students who are too scared and embarrassed to talk about their problems. The presence of an animal can accelerate a trust-bonding relationship between therapist and client (Chandler 2000). The bond between client and therapist is essential because without a connection no progress go out be made in the recovery of the patient/client. Additionally, Animal Assisted Therapy interactions are goal directed, individualized to the patient and has documented progress (Bloomquist). The purpose of AAT is to soften denouncepoints and make a patients recovery fast and fun. With the goals in mind, it is easier to track a patients progress.Animals keep the patient in check positive psychological and psycho brotherly and physiological ben efits have been linked to the presence of animals. Reductions in blood pressure, heart rates, and stress levels, as well as increases in emotional wellbeing and social interaction are benefits from the human- animal bond (Jorgenson 1997). Animals become more aware of possible problems and act as caretaker. Animals can be aware of inbred states, and so they can alert individuals of impending seizures and any other health emergencies (Granger).We accept animals as potential healers and major contributors to our health, happiness, wellness, and vitality. The effectiveness of AAT has gained wide spread resist and application over the past few decades (Connor 2000). The therapy involves special training for the animals to work with patients. The Delta Society defines Animal Assisted Therapy as a targeted intervention in which an animal complying with specific criteria represents an integral part of the therapeutic process. Animal Assisted Therapy has tangible, mental, educational and motivational effects on the participants. From the physical point of view, the therapy improves the fine motoric abilities, the use of the wheel-chair, and the sustenance of equilibrium when standing. (Zasloff 1994) Certain animals can improve the development of motor skills that the patient is missing. In the mental health area, it improves perplexity, concentration, and self-esteem reduces anxiety and loneliness, improves verbal interaction, and develops recreation and leisure time abilities. (Zasloff 1994) AAT promotes cognitive development in a patient, which is an important for normal societal function. Educationally, it improves vocabulary, as ell as long and short term memory. Motivationally, the presence of an animal increases the proneness for joining in collection and social activities, and improves interaction with others. It is applied both in groups and individually (Zasloff 1994). The use of various animals is not uncommon in animal-assisted therapy dogs, cats, b irds, sawhorses, dolphins, rabbits, lizards, and other small animals. However, dogs are the most frequently used animals because of their training and sociability skills. Many times children go out tell social occasions to an animal that they tint uncomfortable tattle to an adult or therapist (Bloomquist).Animals give off a relaxing feeling and allow the child to feel more comfortable and open. The child will be more trustworthy of the animal and can talk about anything without feeling judged. Every human has a story to pct, and the animal is just easier to share it with. People in hospitals all share one hope, and that is for a fast recovery through any means necessary. In some hospitals, canine-visitations are enabled for patients afflicted with chronic diseases, including the participation of medical staff, animal owners and veterinarians (Lefebvre 2006).Animal visitation boosts morale in nursing homes, hospitals, psychiatric wards and even prisons. The faces of these peop le become lit up when the animals comes to visit. most instantly the participants forget where they are and the pain they are in. Dogs and owners are familiarized with hospital rules, which require mandatory documentation on the dogs in terms of vaccinations, and the rule of behavior and temperament. Trainers receive advice and instruction on how to conduct a therapy group (Barker 1998). When a dog comes for a visitation, all rules and regulations are set into place to conduct a safe therapy session.Even though dogs are the preferred animal for hospital visitations, cats are often used for therapeutic purposes, as are birds. Some authors discovered that group meetings held in premises with caged birds have better patient attendance, more involved participation, and better results compared to the appropriate control group who stayed in premises without birds(Barker 1998). Bigger animals, homogeneous dogs, can be intimidating to patients, so smaller animals are used as alternatives to elevate the amount of people who come to the sessions and participate.In horse-assisted therapy observations are made on the effects on the neuromuscular system of the patient caused by the mechanical influence of the horse walk. Specific to the horse therapy is that the patient continuously receives impulses from the horse walk, which pick out to a relaxed perception of the body, equilibrium, and coordination of movement. Humans and horses walk very similarly, when a person is sitting on glide by of a walking horse, the body goes through the said(prenominal) movements as if he/she was walking by him/herself. (Beiry 437).Children with motor skill issues can participate in equestrian therapy to develop an identical walking sensation. The similarity between the two is astonishing. This is particularly significant in motoric deficiencies caused by hereditary lesions, such as cerebral paralysis in children. The very process of fitting the horse with saddle and harness, and acce leration in riding, improve the coordination of arms and shoulders, and sharpen the perception of ones body and ones self, which leads to improved strengthening of independence and resolve. All of this leads to better communication in the family, and improved work skills and quality of life (Yeh 2005). Comparatively, Hippotherapy has been used successfully with one-sided paralysis and other problems with asymmetry (Beiry 352) Hippotherapy is another term for equestrian therapy and has worked wonders on patients who stimulate through paralysis. Benefits of Hippotherapy include increase in flexibility, balance, and arm and leg strength. (Beiry 352-54). The development progress is one-hundred percent in terms that children and adults developed fine tuned motor skills that were otherwise non-existent.Development of leg and arm strength is seen in people who participate in Hippotherapy the patient develops the strength and confidence to walk on their own. Equally, in the presence of a horse, on that point are other influences on the patient, such as visual, auditory, olfactory, and haptic. The warmth of the horse and the touch during grooming act positively on the patient. Such therapeutic meetings are practiced 2 to 3 times per week (Yeh 2005). It has been observed that during horse riding, the rider experiences a unique interaction with the animal with which he shares a relationship and space.A communication is therefore established, resulting in gratification and motivation, which in turn alleviates pathologies. In the same fashion, animal visitation and therapy in critical care helps motivates patients by reminding them that there is life outside the walls to which in time, theyll return(Connor 40). AAT allows for people to develop an outgoing/positive outlook on life, despite the fact that they are confined. exact care nurses use AAT to relieve patients stress during procedures (Connor 52).Certain procedures that a patient must endure cause an immense am ount of pain, but with the animal there, a patient can focus on the animal and ignore the pain almost completely. In a unique way AAT reduces anxiety levels of institutionalized patients (Connor). Institutionalized patients are often if not always in a constant fear, but with an animal present during their therapy session, the patient can relax and worry less. With an animal there patients develop a willingness to be involved (Connor). Patients become more eager to participate. They know that participating will allow them to pet the animal.In turn, patients will develop an readiness to participate in society. Florence Nightingale, founder of modern nursing, once wrote A small animal is often an excellent companion for the sick. Animals will never leave a person because of a disease or a disability. No matter the situation, an animal will say by your side. Animals serve to buffer and normalize an senescence persons sense of social isolation (Journal of Psychology). Never does an a nimal pass judgment on someone, nor reject someone for being different. Animals only brook unconditional love to all young and old.Because patients can become lonely, bored in hospitals, so the animal visitations are something to look forward to. AAT provides patients with entertainment and social interaction (Abdill 8). Patients can have fun while experiencing the beneficial parts of the therapy. It brings entertainment to people in hospitals, homes, and even prisons. Animals smooth all kinds of social interactions (Abdill 79) Patients who go through AAT learn how to interact with other people. The more people who work with an AAT animal, the easier it is to talk to others.Although AAT has been acknowledged by many medical professionals, some up to now inquiry the validity of Animal Assisted Therapy. Some families tend to stay away from AAT because of the cost. AAT cost three-thousand to five-thousand dollars (Baxter). Cost should not be the one thing that prevents a person from partaking in AAT. Most facilities offer free sessions to any person who wants to get involved in AAT. Skeptics will also say that AAT is not an effective form of therapy. AAT is for a purely recreational purpose (Baxter) The therapy allows for development in physical and cognitive function.To further their point, people who oppose the use of AAT mention the danger it brings to the animals as well as the patients. The danger they see with the animals is aimed at digital audiotape or Dolphin Assisted Therapy. Removing dolphins from the wild results in separation from their families (Baxter). Also stated is that DAT often results in the deaths and/or injuries of many dolphins (Baxter). Experts have acknowledged the separation a dolphin can feel, so they put those dolphins in tanks with other dolphins so they could form their own family. Only a small amount of dolphins die while participating in DAT.The dolphins are given one-hundred and ten percent of attention and care. Furthermore, AAT employees limit the time an animal is on duty and keep the animal safe from accidents and/or aggressive behavior(Granger 230). Safety of both patient and animal is the top priority during each therapy session. Rules and regulations are set in place for safer sessions and visits that are both fun and productive. In addition, opponents will say that AAT may be physically hazardous to the body, and there have been multiple reports of children injured (Baxter). On rare occasions children are injured, but at the shortcoming of the AAT supervisors.Very rarely is the fault placed on the animal. However, patients and animals participating in these programs require special care in order to avoid transmission of infectious diseases associated with pets, hypersensitivity and accidents during their visits (Jofre 2005). To prevent accidents, animals are good screened and tested before being approved for training to become an AAT service animal. There are many different roles an animal plays in someones life. A person who is living with a disability can have their day brightened up by the touch of an animal. Animals can become the very thing you need.They adapt to the persons needs. Animals can sooth the emotionally distressed and relieve physical pain (Graham). These service animals can make a person healthier and happier just by being by their side. One will never feel alone when beside and animal animals provide a valuable relationship that serves such functions as companionship, tactile stimulation, safety and nonjudgmental emotional support (Graham 50). Many individuals will thrive from the positive attention they will receive from a companion animal (Graham). Individuals feel loved and adored by the animal which in turn makes the person strive to be a better person.The feeling of pride from an animal can feel a whole in somebody who is empty inside. Animals are tools for therapy because they can make people feel safe and loved when they have been deprive of soci al interaction or hurt by other people (Granger). People who are denied from emotions are more reserved. Animals can bring the trust back to a person who has no real reason to trust anyone. When an animal is brought into a room, the faces of everyone present glows. The benefits of AAT are so great that some believe in animals more than they do doctors. Animals are windows to our souls and they understand people better than some doctors do.It is as though animals know exactly what people need when they need it most. It is straightforward that animals bring so much into the lives of the people who need most. AAT has advanced a great deal in the last years. Beginning in the days of the Romans, people have relied on animals for a number of things such as, farming, transportation, hunting and lastly, companionship. In the twenty first century, people are still relying on animals for mental and physical healing, even though modern medicine has come so far. The medical field has and conti nues to grow with leaps and yet the four legged furry friend is still needed and wanted above all else.